In this module, students explore how DNA’s genetic code is used to build proteins that carry out many functions in living organisms. Through guided modeling and a hands-on relay race, students simulate the two key stages of protein synthesis: transcription and translation. Students use codon charts to decode mRNA sequences, determine amino acid chains, and connect sequence order to protein structure and function. Students will learn that genetic information flows from DNA to RNA to protein, and that accurate protein synthesis is essential for growth, repair, and other life processes.